Ionic compounds with polyatomic ions worksheet answers – Unveiling the intricacies of ionic compounds with polyatomic ions, this comprehensive worksheet answers guide delves into the captivating realm of chemical bonding, empowering students to master the art of naming and formula writing for these complex substances.
Embark on a journey of discovery as we explore the fundamental concepts of ionic bonding, unravel the diverse types of polyatomic ions, and delve into the systematic rules for naming and formula writing. With a wealth of practice problems and detailed solutions, this guide ensures a thorough understanding of this essential chemistry topic.
Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal loses one or more electrons to a nonmetal. The resulting positively charged metal ion and negatively charged nonmetal ion are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, forming an ionic bond. Polyatomic ions are ions that contain more than one atom.
Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. In an ionic compound, the metal atom loses one or more electrons to the nonmetal atom, resulting in the formation of positively charged metal ions and negatively charged nonmetal ions.
The oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, forming an ionic bond.
Types of Polyatomic Ions
There are many different types of polyatomic ions, including oxyanions, cations, and anions. Oxyanions are polyatomic ions that contain oxygen atoms, such as the nitrate ion (NO 3–) and the sulfate ion (SO 42-). Cations are polyatomic ions that contain positively charged metal ions, such as the ammonium ion (NH 4+) and the potassium ion (K +). Anions are polyatomic ions that contain negatively charged nonmetal ions, such as the chloride ion (Cl –) and the hydroxide ion (OH –).
| Type | Formula |
|---|---|
| Oxyanion | NO3– |
| Oxyanion | SO42- |
| Cation | NH4+ |
| Cation | K+ |
| Anion | Cl– |
| Anion | OH– |
Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions, Ionic compounds with polyatomic ions worksheet answers
When naming ionic compounds with polyatomic ions, the name of the metal ion is followed by the name of the polyatomic ion. The name of the polyatomic ion is usually derived from the name of the element that it contains.
For example, the nitrate ion is named after the element nitrogen, and the sulfate ion is named after the element sulfur.
When writing the formula for an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion, the charge of the metal ion must be balanced by the charge of the polyatomic ion. For example, the formula for sodium nitrate is NaNO 3, because the charge of the sodium ion (+1) is balanced by the charge of the nitrate ion (-1).
Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions
To write the formula for an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion, first determine the charge of the metal ion. Then, determine the charge of the polyatomic ion. The charges of the ions must balance each other out. For example, the formula for sodium nitrate is NaNO 3, because the charge of the sodium ion (+1) is balanced by the charge of the nitrate ion (-1).
Here are the steps for writing the formula for an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion:
- Write the symbol for the metal.
- Write the formula for the polyatomic ion.
- Balance the charges of the ions.
- Write the formula for the ionic compound.
Practice Problems
1. Name the following ionic compounds:
- NaCl
- K2SO 4
- NH 4Cl
- Ca(OH) 2
2. Write the formulas for the following ionic compounds:
- Potassium nitrate
- Sodium sulfate
- Ammonium chloride
- Calcium hydroxide
Answer Key
- Sodium chloride
- Potassium sulfate
- Ammonium chloride
- Calcium hydroxide
- KNO3
- Na 2SO 4
- NH 4Cl
- Ca(OH) 2
FAQ Corner: Ionic Compounds With Polyatomic Ions Worksheet Answers
What are ionic compounds?
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal loses one or more electrons to a nonmetal, resulting in the formation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.
What are polyatomic ions?
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that carry a net electrical charge and behave as a single unit in chemical reactions.
How do I name ionic compounds with polyatomic ions?
To name ionic compounds with polyatomic ions, first identify the metal cation and the polyatomic anion. Then, use the name of the metal followed by the name of the polyatomic anion, adding the appropriate suffix to indicate the charge of the compound.
How do I write formulas for ionic compounds with polyatomic ions?
To write formulas for ionic compounds with polyatomic ions, first determine the charges of the metal cation and the polyatomic anion. Then, balance the charges by adjusting the number of each ion in the formula.
